Publication in the Diário da República: Despacho n.º 8955/2023 - 31/08/2023
6 ECTS; 1º Ano, 2º Semestre, 30,0 T + 30,0 PL + 3,0 OT , Cód. 938089.
Lecturer
- Manuel Alberto Nogueira Henriques Rosa (1)(2)
(1) Docente Responsável
(2) Docente que lecciona
Prerequisites
Not applicable.
Objectives
To understand the fundamental principles and mechanisms of acidbase, redox, and coordination equilibria, and to recognize how these equilibria manifest in cultural heritage materials and in conservationrestoration processes.
Program
Chemical equilibrium: General notions of chemical equilibrium; The equilibrium constant; The heterogeneous equilibrium; The quotient of the reaction; Factors affecting balance; Equilibria of solubility; Acid-base equilibria; Equilibria of complexation.
Ionic equilibrium (Acid-base): Bronstead-Lowry acid systems; Autoionization of water; Calculation of the concentrations of the hydrogen ion and the hydroxide ion; Criteria for acidic, basic and neutral solutions; The concept of pH; Solutions of strong acids and bases; PH measurement; Exemplification of pH measurement of solutions with pH meter, and universal indicators.
Complexity Equilibrium: History; General concepts about coordination compounds and complexes; Balance of formation of complexes; Most common complexes in CR practice; Conclusion.
Oxidation-reduction: Oxidation-reduction state; Oxidation-reduction concepts; writing and balancing of redox semi-reactions; writing of a complete redox reaction; Oxidant and reducer; Oxidation and reduction in organic compounds; Reduction potential; Galvanic or voltaic cells; Electrolytic cells; Corrosion of metals; Chemical cleaning by redox mechanisms; Final considerations.
Evaluation Methodology
Continuous assessment consists of four written tests (T1, T2, T3 and T4) and a report of a practical laboratory work (P) classified from 0 to 20 values. The final grade results from the average of the five assessments and must be equal to or greater than 10 values for approval.
Final continuous assessment grade=(T1+T2+T3+T4+P)/5
The presence in the practical laboratory class is mandatory, as well as the group writing of the report of the practical work performed.
In the Exam, Appeal Exam, Worker-Student Exam and Special Exam periods, students will be evaluated in a theoretical test (T) classified from 0 to 20 values, with the final grade resulting from the following weighting with the average grade obtained in the reports of the two practical assignments (P):
Final grade exams=T*0.8+P*0.2
Students approval is obtained when the exam final grade is equal to or greater than 10 values.
Bibliography
- Raymond, C. (2021). Chemistry. New York: McGraw Hill
Teaching Method
Lectures, tutorials and laboratory classes.
Software used in class
Not applicable.
